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The Vendramin were a rich merchant family of Venice, Italy, who were among the ''case nuove'' or "new houses" who joined the patrician class when the ''Libro d'Oro'' was opened after the battle of Chioggia (June 1380). Andrea Vendramin served as the sole Vendramin Doge from 1476–78, at the height of Venetian power, though in 1477 an Antonio Feleto was imprisoned, then banished, for remarking in public that the Council of the Forty-One must have been hard-pressed to elect a cheesemonger Doge.〔According to Malipiero〕 In his youth, Andrea and his brother Luca, in joint ventures, used to ship from Alexandria enough goods to fill a galley or a galley and a half, Malipiero recorded in retrospect: even his factors grew rich managing his affairs.〔Frederic C. Lane, "Family Partnerships and Joint Ventures in the Venetian Republic" ''The Journal of Economic History'' 4.2 (November 1944:178-96) p 179.〕 At this period, mentions of Vendramins in various fields of business occur; Luca Vendramin (d.1527) founded a successful bank on the still-wooden Rialto Bridge with three Capelli brothers in 1507,〔(Renaissance Characters ) Eugenio Garin, Lydia G. Cochrane, p.171, 1997, University of Chicago Press, ISBN 0-226-28356-9〕 but in his will of 1524 forbade his sons from continuing in banking.〔He was the son of the Doge's son Alvise; see (Le Moyen Age (journal, 2002-4) ) ''Procédures, enjeux et fonctions du testament à Venise aux confins du Moyen Âge et des Temps modernes. Le cas du patriciat marchand'', Claire Judde de larivière, Université de Toulouse-Le Mirail (in French)〕 An early text on accounting mentions that the Vendramins' soap is so reliably good that you can buy it without inspecting it.〔(LA RIEGOLA DE LIBRO ) ''Bookkeeping instructions from the mid-fifteenth century'', by Johanna Postma and Anne J. van der Helm, Paper for the 8th World Congress of Accounting Historians, Madrid, July 2000〕 Later they owned an important theatre. In the early seventeenth century the Vendramin also provided the Republic of Venice with an ambassador and Patriarch of Venice, in Francesco Vendramin (1555-October 7, 1619), elected Patriarch in 1605, despite being a layman, and made a Cardinal in 1615. He introduced a requirement that priests hearing confessions had to be over 35 years old, and take an examination in canon law, despite having himself evaded a Papal examination on the same subject for candidates to the Patriarchy.〔Joanne Marie Ferraro, ''(Marriage Wars in Late Renaissance Venice:Studies in the History of Sexuality )'', 2001, p.27, Oxford University Press US, ISBN 0-19-514496-1 and, with slightly different dates, ( Salvador Miranda, "Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church" )〕 He bequeathed 600 ducats a year to the Jesuits, then banned from Venice, partly inspiring a law banning legacies to them.〔(quoted in ''Venice: A Documentary History, 1450-1630'' ), David Chambers, David Sanderson and others, 2001, p. 227, University of Toronto Press, ISBN 0-8020-8424-9〕 Two main branches of the family descended from Doge Andrea, ancestor of the Patriarch, and his brother Luca, grandfather of the two brothers in the Titian ''Portrait of the Vendramin Family'' in the National Gallery, London.〔There is a family tree in the entry for the Titian in the National Gallery catalogue by Nicholas Penny〕 The Vendramin were extinct in the main male line with Niccolò Vendramin, who died in 1840. Today they are remembered almost entirely for their impressive artistic legacy. ==Miracle of the True Cross== The reliquary of the True Cross shown on the altar in the National Gallery Titian, which still exists, was connected with a miracle in 1370-82 depicted by Vittorio Carpaccio, Gentile Bellini and other artists. When accidentally dropped into a canal during a congested procession it did not sink but hovered over the water, evading others trying to help, until an earlier Andrea Vendramin (grandfather of the Doge) dived in and retrieved it.〔(JSTOR ) ''The Miraculous Cross in Titian's "Vendramin Family"'', Philip Pouncey, ''Journal of the Warburg Institute'', Vol. 2, No. 3 (Jan., 1939), pp. 191-193〕 This Andrea had been presented with the relic in 1369, in his capacity as head of the confraternity Scuola Grande di San Giovanni Evangelista of San Giovanni Evangelista; the scuola still own it.〔Gould, Cecil, The Sixteenth Century Italian Schools, National Gallery Catalogues, p. 285, London 1975, ISBN 0-947645-22-5〕 Both the large Bellini painting, ''The Miracle of the True Cross near San Lorenzo Bridge'', of 1496-1500,(), and the Carpaccio of 1494, are now in the Accademia museum. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vendramin family」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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